Prostate health is crucial to men’s overall well-being. The prostate, a small gland about the size of a walnut located below the bladder, plays a significant role in the male reproductive system by producing seminal fluid that nourishes and transports sperm. It can be the source of various health issues, particularly as men age.

Therefore, in this blog, we will explore proactive prostate health management through the following:

• Prostate cancer awareness
• Testing procedures for prostate health
• Preventative health measures
• A checklist to maintain prostate health

Prostate cancer awareness

Prostate cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the prostate gland. and is one of the most common cancers among men. There is a greater risk with age, so older men should be particularly diligent.

Common Signs and Symptoms

Prostate cancer may not cause symptoms in its early stages. However, as the cancer progresses, it can lead to several noticeable symptoms, including:

• Difficulty Urinating: This can include a weak or interrupted urine flow, urinary incontinence, dribbling, and urinating more frequently, especially at night.

• Blood in Urine: If you see blood in your urine, it is time to contact your healthcare provider.

• Pelvic Discomfort: Pain or discomfort in the pelvic area or lower back can be associated with advanced prostate cancer.

• Erectile Dysfunction: Difficulty achieving or maintaining an erection can also be a symptom.

Early evaluation and intervention can lead to better outcomes. The five-year survival rate for men diagnosed with localized or regional prostate cancer is nearly 100%. Early intervention can involve a range of prostate cancer treatment options, including surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and active surveillance.

Testing procedures for prostate health

Regular testing and prostate cancer screenings are critical components of maintaining prostate health and averting the risk of prostate cancer. Here, we provide an overview of the most common prostate health tests: the Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) test and the Digital Rectal Exam (DRE).

Overview of Common Prostate Health Tests

• PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) Test: This blood test measures the level of PSA, a protein produced by the prostate gland. Elevated PSA levels can be indications of prostate cancer, an enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia BPH), or inflammation of the prostate (chronic prostatitis).

• Digital Rectal Exam (DRE): During a DRE, a healthcare provider inserts a lubricated, gloved finger into the rectum to feel the prostate gland for abnormalities such as lumps or hard areas that could indicate cancer.

Detailed Explanation of How Each Test is Conducted

PSA Test:

• Procedure: A healthcare professional will draw a small amount of blood from your arm.

• During the Test: The process is quick and involves minimal discomfort, similar to a routine blood test.

• After the Test, The blood sample is sent to a lab for analysis. Results are typically available within a few days.

DRE:

• Procedure: You will be asked to either stand and bend forward or lie on your side with your knees pulled up to your chest.

• During the Test: The healthcare provider inserts a lubricated, gloved finger into your rectum to palpate the prostate gland.

• After the Test: The DRE is brief and may cause slight discomfort, but it is generally not painful. The provider will discuss any enlargement or abnormalities found during the exam.

Recommendations on the Frequency of Testing Based on Age and Risk Factors

• Men Aged 50 and Over: Regular screening is recommended for most men starting at age 50.

• Men at Higher Risk: Men with a family history of prostate cancer, African American men, and those with other risk factors are at an increased risk. It is important to begin discussions about screening with your healthcare provider at age 45 or earlier.

• BRCA2: A gene on chromosome 13 that normally helps to suppress cell growth. A person who inherits certain mutations (changes) in a BRCA2 gene has a higher risk of getting breast cancer, ovarian, prostate, and other types of cancer.

• Frequency: The frequency of testing should be based on initial results and individual risk factors. Men with normal PSA levels and no abnormalities on DRE may need testing every two to four years. At the same time, those with higher risk may require more frequent monitoring. Discuss this with your healthcare provider.

Preventative health measures

Proactive health monitoring is essential for maintaining prostate health and detecting potential issues early. Regular check-ups and a healthy lifestyle can significantly reduce the risk of prostate problems and improve men’s health.

Addressing Common Fears and Misconceptions About Prostate Testing

• Fear of Discomfort: Both the PSA test and DRE are quick and involve minimal discomfort. Understanding what to expect can help alleviate anxiety.

• Embarrassment: It’s common to feel uneasy about a DRE, but healthcare providers are trained to perform these exams professionally and discreetly.

• Misconceptions About PSA Levels: Elevated PSA does not necessarily mean cancer. Further testing, such as imaging or a prostate biopsy, is needed to confirm a diagnosis.

Lifestyle Changes and Habits to Improve Prostate Health

Adopting healthy lifestyle habits can play a significant role in maintaining prostate health:

• Diet: A healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can help support prostate health. 

• Exercise: Regular physical activity helps maintain a healthy weight and reduces the risk of prostate issues. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise most days of the week.

• Hydration: Staying well-hydrated is essential for overall health, including prostate health. Drink plenty of water throughout the day.

• Avoiding Smoking and Excessive Alcohol: Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can increase the risk of prostate problems. Quitting smoking and limiting alcohol intake can improve prostate health and overall well-being.

More tips for a prostate-friendly diet

A balanced diet plays a pivotal role in promoting prostate health. Here are some key dietary tips:

• Foods Rich in Antioxidants: Incorporate foods high in antioxidants, such as tomatoes (rich in lycopene), berries, and green tea, which can help protect prostate cells from damage.

• Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Consume fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, and sardines, which are high in omega-3 fatty acids. These healthy fats have anti-inflammatory properties that benefit the prostate.

• Fiber: A diet high in fiber, including whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, can help maintain a healthy digestive system and may reduce the risk of prostate problems.

Stress Management Techniques

Chronic stress can negatively impact your health, including prostate health. Incorporating stress management techniques can be beneficial:

• Meditation: Practicing mindfulness and meditation can reduce stress and improve overall mental well-being.

• Yoga: Yoga combines physical exercise with mindfulness, helping to reduce stress and improve flexibility and strength.

• Mindfulness Practices: Techniques such as deep breathing and progressive muscle relaxation can help manage stress levels.

Takeaways

A checklist for prostate health

• Recognize signs that suggest a prostate health check is needed:
  • Difficulty urinating
  • Blood in the urine
  • Pelvic discomfort
  • Erectile dysfunction
• Seek timely medical advice if any of these symptoms are present.
• Understand that early detection and effective treatment can significantly improve outcomes and enhance quality of life.

Proactive and preventative healthcare practices

• Schedule regular screenings:
  • PSA tests
  • Digital Rectal Exams (DRE)
• Integrate these checks into routine healthcare.
• Maintain open communication with healthcare providers.

Improving prostate health: A holistic approach

• Follow a balanced diet rich in:
  • Antioxidants
  • Omega-3 fatty acids
  • Fiber
• Engage in regular exercise.
• Ensure adequate hydration.
• Practice stress management techniques.
• Avoid harmful habits:
  • Smoking
  • Excessive alcohol consumption

Contact me to get the help you need

I’m Dr. Michael Stokes, and my philosophy focuses on understanding personal desires and boundaries, empowering men to take control of their sexual experiences. Sexual health is a big part of that goal.

Join us today and start working toward a healthier and better-informed sex life. Unlock the full potential to thrive as a man and a sexual partner. Contact me today.

References

National Institute of Medicine. (2022, September 15). In brief: How does the prostate work? National Center for Biotechnology Information. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279291/#:~:text=The%20prostate’s%20most%20important%20function,then%20expelled%20outwards%20during%20ejaculation.

Mayo Clinic. (2023, April 27). PSA test overview. Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/psa-test/about/pac-20384731

Cleveland Clinic. (2024, May 7). Digital rectal exam (DRE): What to expect. Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/24212-digital-rectal-exam

University of California San Francisco. (n.d.). Nutrition and prostate cancer. UCSF Health. https://www.ucsfhealth.org/education/nutrition-and-prostate-cancer

National Cancer Institute. (2024, May 8). Understanding prostate changes and conditions. National Institutes of Health. https://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/understanding-prostate-changes

National Cancer Institute. BCRA2. https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/brca2#

Harvard Health Publishing. (2009, September 29). Stress and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Harvard Medical School. https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/stress-and-benign-prostatic-hyperplasia-bph-20090929192